Phase specific morphological changes induced by social experience in two forebrain areas of the zebra finch.

We examined the changes of spine density in Golgi preparations of two different areas of the forebrain of the zebra finch, the ANC (Archi-Neostriatum caudale) and MNH (medial Neo-Hyperstriatum) during development, after transferring male birds from isolation to a social condition (exposure to a female for 1 week), and after a second isolation period. MNH and ANC are two of four brain regions which are strongly activated if a male bird is exposed to a female after some time of isolation. The results of our study can be summarized as follows. 1: a peak-decline trend is observed in ANC, but not in MNH. 2: rearing conditions do not affect the development of both areas until day 70. 3: from 80 days of age, isolation leads to reduced spine density within ANC, but to enhanced spine density within MNH. 4: short social contact after isolation diminishes or eliminates the effects of isolation by an enhancement of spine density in ANC and a reduction of spine density within MNH. 5: the effects of short social rearing after isolation are reversible within ANC, but not within MNH. We presume that the alterations of spine density, which are induced by changes in social conditions, are restricted to ages older than 70 days by hormonal factors. We propose that the complexity of the ANC neuronal net follows the complexity of the social environment, and that the level of arousal is the most important factor influencing the complexity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)